Strange twinning

The following problem has various stipulations. Let us say we have five twin problems.
Each stipulation results in some tries and a single-variation solution.

The solution of each twin is just a try in the next twin. Enjoy!

8/P1Sr3P/1PpR2rq/6p1/1pp2p2/1Sk5/2P5/1K1R4 (9 + 9) C+ WinChloe

Problem-571 Emmanuel Manolas, Greece original Twins : a) r#2, b) #2 Circe Parrain, c) #2, d) #2 Madrasi, e) #2 Circe

a) r#2 (reflex) (It is helpmate problem where White plays first and Black gives mate when it is possible). Tries : {1.Sd5+? / Sb5+? cxb5!}. Key : 1.R1d3+! cxd3 2.Kc1 Qh1# b) #2 Circe Parrain (The captured piece is reborn, but the rebirth-square is in such direction and distance from the capture-square as is exactly specified by the next move). Tries : {1.R1d3+? cxd3!}, {Sd5+? cxd5!}, {1.Sc1? [2.Se2# / Sa2#], 1...Rgxd6 2.Se2(+wRf7)# / Sa2(+wRb7)#, 1...Rxc7 2.Se2(+wSe8)# / Sa2(+wSa8)#, 1...Rdxd6 2.Se2(+wRf7)# / Sa2(+wRb7)#, 1...b3!}, {1.Sc5? [2.Sa4# / Se4#], 1...Rgxd6 2.Sa4(+wRb5)/ Se4(+wRf5)#, 1...Rxc7 2.Sa4(+wSa6)# / Se4(+wSe6)#, 1...Rdxd6 2.Sa4(+wRb5)# / Se4(+wRf5)#, 1...b3!}, {1.a8=Q? [2.Qa1#] cxb3!}. Key 1.Sb5+! cxb5 2.Rf1(+wSd5)# c) #2 (Direct mate) Tries : {1.Sb5+? / Sd5+? cxb5!}, {1.Sc1? [2.Sa2# / Se2#] b3!}, {1.Sc5? [2.Sa4# / Se4#] b3!}, {1.R1d3+? cxd3!}. Key : 1.a8=Q! [2.Qa1#] cxb3 2.Qxc6# d) #2 Madrasi (Similar pieces of different colors are paralysed when threating each other) Tries : {1.a8=Q? [2.Qa1#], 1...Qf8 2.h8=B#, 1...cxb3! (2.Qxc6+?? Qh1!)}, {1.h8=B+? Qxh8!}, {1.Rd3+? cxd3!}, {1.Sd5+? / Sb5+? cxb5!}, {1.Sc5? [2.Sa4# / Se4#] b3!}. Key : 1.Sc1! [2.Se2# / Sa2#] b3 2.Sa2# e) #2 Circe (The captured piece is reborn in its initial square of a chess game) Tries : {1.Sc1? [2.Se2# / Sa2#] b3!}, {1.R1d3+? cxd3(+wRh1)!}, {1.Rxc6? [2.Sb5#], 1...Rxc7(+wSg1) 2.Rd3# / Se2#, 1...Rd5 2.Sxd5(+bRa8)#, 1...Rxd1(+wRh1)+!}, {1.Sd5+? / Sb5+? cxb5!}, {1.Sc5? [2.Sa4# / Se4#] b3!}. Key : 1.Kc1! [2.Sd5# / Sb5#] Rxc7(+wSg1) 2.Se2#